Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa tungsten m'nyumba ku China kwakhalabe kokhazikika pafupifupi matani 10,000 / chaka.Malinga ndi malipoti, kumwa tungsten ku China kunali matani 9,200, matani 9,400 ndi matani 9,500 mu 1994-1996, ndipo ku China kukuyembekezeka kudzakhala matani 11,500 mu 2000. China yasintha mwakachetechete.Ziwerengero zikuwonetsa kuti kuyambira 1980 mpaka 1985, kapangidwe kake ka tungsten pakupanga zitsulo ndi 61% yazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimawerengera gawo lalikulu kwambiri;Kuchokera mu 1986 mpaka 1990, gawo la tungsten lomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo linatsika kufika pa 48%, pamene gawo la tungsten lomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu carbide yomangidwa ndi simenti linakwera kufika 28%.Kuchokera mu 1991 mpaka 1995, pamene kutulutsa kwa simenti kumachulukirachulukira, chiwerengero cha tungsten chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo chinaposa cha tungsten chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo, kuyandikira 50% ya zinthu zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba, pamene gawo la tungsten lomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo linatsika pafupifupi. 40%.
Ndizodziwikiratu kuti kusintha kwa tungsten ku China kumagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kupanga simenti ya carbide.Ndiye, njira yopangira simenti ya carbide yaku China ndi yotani?Zomwe zikuchitika masiku ano kupanga carbide ku China.
China chasimenti carbidemakampani anayamba m'ma 1950s, ndipo ngakhale dongosolo mafakitale anapangidwa pafupifupi zaka makumi atatu pambuyo pake kuposa mayiko otukuka a Kum'mawa ndi Kumadzulo, liwiro la chitukuko chake ndi kukula kwake kupanga zinali zodabwitsa kwa dziko.Makamaka m'zaka za m'ma 1990, pansi pa kusintha ndi kutsegulira ndi chuma chokhazikika pa msika, kutulutsa kwa carbide ya simenti kwakhala kukukwera kwambiri.Pakalipano, pali opanga 150 opangidwa ndi carbide ku China, omwe amatha kupanga matani 9,000-10,000 / chaka.Kupanga okwana pachaka ndi za 7000-7500 matani, mlandu 21% ya okwana kupanga padziko lonse lapansi, amene ali oposa United States, Sweden, CIS ndi mayiko ena ndi zapamwamba kwambiri simenti makina carbide mafakitale kupanga oyambirira ndi dziko loyamba. .Pazaka zisanu ndi zitatu za Plan ya zaka zisanu, pafupifupi chaka chilichonse kupanga simenti ya carbide ku China inali matani 6528 (zopanga zapamwamba kwambiri zapachaka zinali matani 7540 mu 1994), ndipo pafupifupi matani 5894 pachaka (chakudya chambiri pachaka chinali matani 6620) .Malinga ndi kuneneratu kwa akatswiri, mu nthawi yachisanu ndi chinayi ya zaka zisanu Plan, pafupifupi pachaka kupanga simenti carbide ku China ziwonjezeke ndi 6%, mwachitsanzo, pafupifupi pachaka kupanga adzafika matani 6976.Akatswiri ena amagwiritsa ntchito liniya correlation equation kulumikiza zitsulo ndi simenti kupanga carbide ku China pa Ninth Five-year Plan.Kuyerekeza masamu kunachitika kuti awerengere zizindikiro ziwiri za GDP.
Chachitatu, kukonzanso ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala ndi zotsaliracarbidemonga njira yowonjezerapo kuchepa kwa zinthu zachilengedwe
Zachilengedwe ndizochepa, ndipo belu lodzidzimutsa la kutaya mwayi wa zinthu za tungsten lakhala likumveka m'makutu athu.Poyang'anizana ndi vutoli, akatswiri apanga njira zambiri zothanirana ndi vutoli.Zina mwa izo, njira yobwezeretsanso ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala zotsalira za tungsten carbide zakhala pulogalamu yokhwima, yothandiza komanso yothandiza.Ndi njira yabwino yochepetsera mtengo wa kupanga carbide panthawi ya tungsten yochuluka yaiwisi yaiwisi, komanso chinthu chofunikira chothandizira kusowa kwazinthu zamakono komanso zam'tsogolo pamene tungsten yaiwisi yachilengedwe ikutha.Kuchuluka kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito kazinthu zobwezerezedwanso ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zofunika za kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo ndi chitukuko chachuma cha dziko ndi bizinesi.M'malo mwake, maiko otukuka Kum'mawa ndi Kumadzulo aphatikiza kale kukonzanso ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala zotsalira zotsalira popanga mwachizolowezi.Pakali pano, kubweza kwawo ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala zotsalira cemented carbide wafika 30-40% ya okwana kupanga pachaka.China chakumwa chapachaka cha chitsulo cha tungsten ndi pafupifupi matani 10,000, ngati angafikire 40% ya zobwezeretsanso, phindu lake lazachuma komanso kubweza gwero lidzakhala lalikulu kwambiri.Tengani simenti carbide mwachitsanzo, linanena bungwe okwana simenti carbide ku China mu 1994 anali 7540 matani, malinga ndi mawerengedwe 40% kuchira, osati tingathe achire pafupifupi 3000 matani tungsten zitsulo, komanso pafupifupi 240 matani zitsulo cobalt. .Malinga ndi kuwerengera kwa matani a 2 a tungsten concentrate pa tani imodzi iliyonse ya carbide yopangidwa, kugwiritsa ntchito tungsten concentrate kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndi pafupifupi matani 6000.Izi mosakayikira zidzathandiza kwambiri kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa zinthu.Mkhalidwe wofunikira pakubwezeretsanso ndikugwiritsa ntchito scrap carbide ku China pakadali panoZotsalira za carbide zomwe timatchula apa zikuphatikiza magawo awiri: imodzi ndi zinthu zosayenerera pakupanga;ina ndi zida za carbide zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito (masamba, mitu yowotcha, nkhungu, etc.).
Malinga ndi ziwerengero zosakwanira, kuchuluka kwaotsalira carbideopangidwa ku China ndi pafupifupi matani 3500 pachaka.Malinga ndi opanga ma carbide akunja, pakati pa zida za carbide zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, nthawi zambiri, 12-25% yazowotcherera zida zitha kubwezeredwa;65-70% ya zinyalala carbide amafa (kukhomerera kufa, kukanikiza kufa, kujambula kufa, etc.) akhoza zobwezerezedwanso;95-97% ya zoyikapo makina opangira zida zitha kubwezeretsedwanso.
China idayamba kukonzanso ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida za carbide mochedwa.Mu 1983, voliyumu yobwezeretsanso inali matani 300 okha, kuwerengera 8% ya zomwe zidatuluka mchaka chimenecho;mu 1985, chinawonjezeka kufika ku matani oposa 400, kuwerengera 10% ya zotuluka m’chaka chimenecho.kuwerengera 10% ya zopanga mchaka chimenecho.M'zaka za m'ma nineties, ntchito yobwezeretsanso inali ndi chitukuko chachikulu.Tsopano m'dzikoli muli opanga makina opangidwa ndi simenti opitilira 150, osati mafakitale ang'onoang'ono ndi 60 okha omwe ali ndi zida za tungsten zochokera kuzinthu zobwezerezedwanso, ndiye kuti, ndi kuchuluka kwa Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Factory ndi Zigong Cemented Carbide Limited Liability Company. (omwe kale anali Zigong Cemented Carbide Factory) adatsegulanso njira yopangira zinyalala zotsalira zotsalira za simenti.Pakalipano, voliyumu yobwezeretsanso dziko ili pamwamba pa matani a 1500, omwe amawerengera pafupifupi 20% kapena kupitilira apo amachokera ku carbide yopangidwa ndi simenti ku China ndipo ali pafupi ndi mlingo wa Japan.Njira yaukadaulo yobwezeretsanso zinyalala zotsalira za simenti ya carbide ndiyokwanira,?s njira yosungunula zinki, njira yosungunula yamagetsi ndi njira yophwanyira makina imadziwika bwino.The zobwezerezedwanso zobwezerezedwanso tungsten carbide ufa (WC) ndi cobalt ufa (Co), amene ali abwino kwambiri, angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga carbide, diamondi yokumba, zitsulo mafakitale zipangizo ndi zinthu zina.Pali zigawo zingapo zomwe ntchito yobwezeretsanso ndi kukonzanso ikugwira ntchito kwambiri, mwa iwo ndi: Zhuzhou ndi Changsha ku Hunan;Zigong ku Sichuan;Qinghe m'chigawo cha Hebei;Jinan m'chigawo cha Shandong;Mudanjiang m'chigawo cha Heilongjiang, etc. Opanga simenti a carbide m'maderawa apeza bwino pakubwezeretsanso ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinyalala zotsalira za carbide.
词典
Nthawi yotumiza: May-02-2023
